Magical Stela with Horus the Child
On the stela Isis speaks and recounts that while she and Horus were still hiding in the marshes, the child became ill. In her despair, she cried for help to the "Boat of Eternity" (the sun boat in which the god travels over the sky), "and the sun disk stopped opposite her and did not move from his place." Thoth was sent from the sun boat to help Isis and cured Horus by reciting a catalogue of spells. The spells always ended with the phrase "and the protection of the afflicted as well," indicating that by using these spells, any type of affliction in human beings would be healed.
In this detail of the stela, Horus emerges from the background in such high relief that he is posed as an actual three-dimensional statue, with his left leg striding forward and his head directly facing the viewer. He is portrayed in the conventional Egyptian form for youth; that is, he is nude and wearing his hair in a sidelock. The soft, rounded forms of the bodies of Horus and the other deities are typical of the style of the period.
To symbolize his magic powers, Horus holds snakes and scorpions as well as an antelope (by its horns) and a lion (by its tail) in his closed fists. His feet rest on two crocodiles. Above him is the head of Bes, the dwarf deity with leonine features who had traditionally protected households but by this time had become a more general protective deity. Horus is flanked by three deities who stand upon coiled snakes. On the right is Thoth, identified by his ibis head, and on the left is Isis. Both protectively hold the walls of a curved reed hut, a primeval chapel, in which the Horus child stands together with a figure of Re-harakhty, god of the rising sun, and two standards in the form of papyrus and lotus columns. The lotus standard supports the two feathers of Osiris's headdress.
The images incised into the stone at the top of the stela portray the perilous nighttime journey of the sun as it passes through the nether world under the earth. Its rebirth each morning is shown at the uppermost point of the stela, where Thoth, four baboons, and the kneeling King Nectanebo II lift their arms in the gesture of adoration and prayer. Nectanebo II was the last indigenous king of ancient Egypt. He struggled valiantly against the Persian empire only to be defeated in the end. After the lost battle, he fled to Upper Egypt, and nothing is known about his end.
Artwork Details
- Title: Magical Stela with Horus the Child
- Period: Late Period
- Dynasty: Dynasty 30
- Reign: reign of Nectanebo II
- Date: 360–343 BCE
- Geography: From Egypt, Alexandria Region, Alexandria; Probably originally from Memphite Region, Heliopolis (Iunu; On), Temple of the Mnevis bulls
- Medium: Metagraywacke
- Dimensions: H. 83.5 × W. 33.5 × D. 14.4 cm, 52.6 kg (32 7/8 × 13 3/16 × 5 11/16 in., 116 lb.)
- Credit Line: Fletcher Fund, 1950
- Object Number: 50.85
- Curatorial Department: Egyptian Art
Audio
615. Horus the Child
Hear the story of Horus the Child.
ISABEL STÜNKEL: This stele centers on the god Horus as a child, and it’s really both a magnificent work of art and an important textual record at the same time.
NARRATOR: Met curator Isabel Stünkel:
STÜNKEL: Horus is shown here in a full frontal image, facing the viewer, so there’s really this very direct relationship going on between the god and the viewer. Not just the modern viewer, but also the ancient viewer.
NARRATOR: According to mythological tradition, as relayed in one of the stela’s inscriptions, Horus was injured and his mother Isis called out to the sun god for help. The sun god sent Thoth to heal the boy with magical spells. You can see the ibis-headed god Thoth to Horus’s right and Isis to his left.
STÜNKEL: If we look at some of the details, you can see he is standing on crocodiles. And then take a look at what he’s holding in his hands. You can see snakes, there’s scorpions, there’s a lion…
NARRATOR: This shows that Horus has been healed by Thoth, and that he now has gained control over these dangerous animals.
Just as Horus was healed, the Egyptians believed that this stela could offer similar healing to those in need.
STÜNKEL: So, this stele is densely covered in magical spells, and all these images that also had magical healing power. And it is likely that water was poured over the stele, that then would magically absorb the healing power of the text and images. And that the water could then be given to patients who were bitten by a snake or injured by a scorpion, and who could then drink this water and could magically be healed.
Listen to more about this artwork
More Artwork
Research Resources
The Met provides unparalleled resources for research and welcomes an international community of students and scholars. The Met's Open Access API is where creators and researchers can connect to the The Met collection. Open Access data and public domain images are available for unrestricted commercial and noncommercial use without permission or fee.
To request images under copyright and other restrictions, please use this Image Request form.
Feedback
We continue to research and examine historical and cultural context for objects in The Met collection. If you have comments or questions about this object record, please contact us using the form below. The Museum looks forward to receiving your comments.
