Madame X (Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles)

ca. 1907
On view at The Met Fifth Avenue in Gallery 800
Eyes half-open, Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles, a Parisian poet, appears suspended in a state of tranquil reverie. The glowing, milky surface of her carved likeness, typical of Rodin’s late marbles, obscures the details of her coiffure and facial features. Displeased with these veiled forms—as well as the prominence given to her nose—the countess rejected the portrait. Three years later, the bust was purchased by the trustees of The Met from the sculptor’s studio with the title Madame X (Lady Unknown).

Artwork Details

Object Information
  • Title: Madame X (Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles)
  • Artist: Auguste Rodin (French, Paris 1840–1917 Meudon)
  • Sitter: Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles
  • Date: ca. 1907
  • Culture: French
  • Medium: Marble
  • Dimensions: Overall (confirmed, largest dimensions): 19 1/2 × 21 3/8 × 19 in., 167 lb. (49.5 × 54.3 × 48.3 cm, 75.8 kg)
  • Classification: Sculpture
  • Credit Line: Gift of Thomas F. Ryan, 1910
  • Object Number: 11.173.6
  • Curatorial Department: European Sculpture and Decorative Arts

Audio

Cover Image for 2194. Madame X (Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles)

2194. Madame X (Countess Anna-Elizabeth de Noailles)

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ELYSE NELSON: There is a sense of a rarified woman in this portrait.

NARRATOR: The sculpture portrays Anna de Noailles, a poet, novelist, and prominent member of the Parisian literati at the turn of the century. She sent some of her poems to Rodin, and they struck up a friendship. But according to de Noailles, Rodin was moved to sculpt her primarily because of her beauty. Research Associate Elyse Nelson:

ELYSE NELSON:

She had dark eyes and dark hair, and quite striking features. When the portrait was finished, however, she rejected it outright. She was dissatisfied most of all with the prominence given to her nose. And when she complained to Rodin about it, he said he would not change it because it was, in fact, true to nature.

NARRATOR: When representatives from The Met visited Rodin’s Paris studio and saw the rejected plaster bust, they commissioned this version in marble for the museum. Rodin relied on master craftsmen to execute his marbles. They carved to his specifications, working off his models in clay and plaster. Here, he directed the carver to leave the base looking unfinished.

ELYSE NELSON: The thing that strikes me about this work is there's this rough materiality to the base, and then an almost otherworldly grace to her head and shoulders. That juxtaposition leads one to interpret the work as though it's still being formed. This idea that her portrait is kind of coming into being before the viewer is something that Rodin was interested in, and wanted to convey.

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